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      ã¹ÂؤËÅѧÍÒ³Ò¹Ô¤Á¾ÁèÒµ¡ÍÂÙèÀÒÂãµé¡ÒùӢͧÍÙ¹Ø áÅÐà¹ÇÔ¹ â´ÂÍÙ¹ØàÅ×Í¡àÍÒá¹Ç¤Ô´·Ò§¡Òû¡¤Ãͧã¹Ãкͺ»ÃЪҸԻäµÂẺÁÕ¼Ùéá·¹ÁÒãªé㹡Òû¡¤Ãͧ â´ÂÍٹػ¡¤Ãͧ¾ÁèÒ¼èÒ¹¾ÃäÊѹ¹ÔºÒµàÊÃÕª¹µè͵éÒ¹¿ÒÊ«Ôʵì (Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League:AFPFL) «Öè§à»ç¹¾Ãä¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ¼ÊÁÃÐËÇèÒ§¡ÅØèÁ·ËÒà ¡ÅØèÁÊѧ¤Á¹ÔÂÁ¤ÍÁÁÔǹÔʵì áÅоÃä¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧÂèÍÂÍ×è¹æ ¡è͵Ñ駢Öé¹ÀÒÂãµé¡ÒùӢͧ¹Ò¾ÅÍͧ«Ò¹ »Ãиҹ¾ÃäµèÍÁÒà¢Ò¶Ù¡ÅͺÊѧËÒà ÍÙ¹Ø Ãͧ»Ãиҹ¾Ãä¨Ö§¢Öé¹à»ç¹¼Ùé¹Óá·¹áÅШѴãËéÁÕ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑ駢Öé¹à»ç¹¤ÃÑé§ááàÁ×èÍ»Õ ¤.È. 1949 (¾.È. 2492)áÅФÃÑ駷ÕèÊͧàÁ×èÍ»Õ ¤.È. 1960 (¾.È. 2503) µèÍÁÒà¹ÇÔ¹ ä´é¹Ó¡ÓÅѧ·ËÒÃà¢éÒÂÖ´ÍÓ¹Ò¨¨Ò¡ÃÑ°ºÒÅÍÙ¹Ø ¨Ö§à¢éÒÊÙèÂؤà¹ÇÔ¹

ÊÁªÒµÔ à¨ÈÃÕªÑÂ
â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ·ÕèÊÃéÒ§¢Ö鹷ѹ·ÕÀÒÂËÅѧÃÑ°»ÃÐËÒÃàÁ×èÍ 2 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á ¤.È. 1962 (¾.È. 2505) ¤×Í “ÊÀÒ»¯ÔÇѵԔ «Öè§ÊÀÒ»¯ÔÇѵԹÕèàͧ·Õèä´é»ÃÐÊÒ¹ÍÓ¹Ò¨·Ñé§ËÁ´¢Í§ÃÑ°à¢éÒ´éÇ¡ѹ ÀÒÂãµéÍÓ¹Ò¨¡ÒÃÊÑ觡Òâͧà¹ÇÔ¹ à»ç¹¡ÒùӾÁèÒà¢éÒÊÙèÃкͺ༴稡ÒÃÍÓ¹Ò¨¹ÔÂÁ áÅÐÃкͺ¤ÍÁÁÔǹÔʵìËÃ×ÍÊѧ¤Á¹ÔÂÁâ´Â·Ñé§ÊͧÃкͺ¡Òû¡¤ÃͧÅéǹÂÖ´ÍÓ¹Ò¨ÃÑ°à»ç¹ËÅÑ¡ãË­èÊӤѭ á¹Ç¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ¡Òû¡¤Ãͧ㹪èǧ¹Õé¨Ðà»ç¹àÃ×èͧÃÑ°ªÒµÔÊÁÑÂãËÁè á¹Ç¤Ô´àÃ×èͧÍÒ³Òࢵ´Ô¹á´¹·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ ªÑ´à¨¹ ÃÇÁ·Ñé§ ÍØ´Á¡Òóì·Ò§¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´·Õèà»ç¹ªÒµÔ¹ÔÂÁ·Õèà»ç¹¼Å¾ÅÍÂä´é·Õèà¡Ô´¨Ò¡¡Ò÷Õè¾ÁèÒµ¡ÍÂÙèÀÒÂãµéÍÒ³Ò¹Ô¤Á¹Ñè¹àͧ “ÍØ´Á¡ÒóìªÒµÔ¹ÔÂÁ (Nationalism)” à»ç¹ÍØ´Á¡Òóì·Õè¶×ÍàÍÒªÒµÔµÑÇàͧà»ç¹ãË­è ËÃ×Í¡Ò÷ÓãË餹㹪ҵÔà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁÃÙéÊÖ¡ÃÑ¡ªÒµÔ¢Í§µ¹àͧ áÅлÃѺ¹âºÒÂàÈÃÉ°¡Ô¨¢Í§»ÃÐà·ÈÁÒà»ç¹Êѧ¤Á¹ÔÂÁ â´Âãªéª×èÍÇèÒ “Êѧ¤Á¹ÔÂÁÇÔ¶Õ¾ÁèÒ” (The Burmese Way to Socialism) â´ÂÂÖ´¡Ô¨¡ÒâͧàÍ¡ª¹ÁÒà»ç¹¢Í§ÀÒ¤ÃÑ° ¡àÅÔ¡ÃÑ°¸ÃÃÁ¹Ù­©ºÑº»Õ ¤.È. 1947 ÃÇÁ·Ñ駾Ãä¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧµèÒ§æ ã¹ÃкºÃÑ°ÊÀÒ µèÍÁÒÁÕ¹âºÒÂÃÇÁªÒµÔ â´ÂãªéÇÔ¸Õ·Ò§·ËÒÃà¢éÒÁÒá¡é»Ñ­ËÒÍÂèÒ§Ãعáç ¨Ö§¡èÍãËéà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁäÁèʧº·ÑèÇä»

      Íͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ ÅÙ¡ÊÒǢͧ¹Ò¾ÅÍͧ«Ò¹ ¼ÙéàµÔºâµáÅÐä´éÃѺ¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒÍÂèÒ§´Õ·Õè»ÃÐà·ÈÍѧ¡ÄÉ ã¹ÇÑ 43 »Õ ä´éà´Ô¹·Ò§¡ÅѺºéÒ¹à¡Ô´·Õè¡ÃاÂèÒ§¡Øé§ àÁ×èÍà´×͹ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á ¤.È.1988 (¾.È. 2531) à¾×èÍÁÒ¾ÂÒºÒÅ ´ÍÇì¢Ôè¹¨Õ ÁÒôҷÕè¡ÓÅѧ»èÇÂ˹ѡ ã¹¢³Ð¹Ñé¹à»ç¹ªèǧ·Õèà¡Ô´ÀÒÇÐàÈÃÉ°¡Ô¨µ¡µèÓáÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÇØè¹ÇÒ·ҧ¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ㹻ÃÐà·È¾ÁèÒ »ÃЪҪ¹¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡â´Â੾ÒСÅØèÁ¹Ñ¡ÈÖ¡ÉÒªØÁ¹ØÁ»ÃзéǧàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 8 ÊÔ§ËÒ¤Á ¤.È.1988 (¾.È. 2531) à¾×èÍà¤Å×è͹äËÇ¡´´Ñ¹ãËé¹Ò¾Åà¹ÇÔ¹ ·ÕèÂÖ´ÍÓ¹Ò¨¡Òû¡¤ÃͧÁÒÂÒǹҹ¶Ö§ 26 »Õ µéͧÅÒÍÍ¡¨Ò¡µÓá˹觻Ãиҹ¾Ãäâ¤Ã§¡ÒÃÊѧ¤Á¹ÔÂÁ¾ÁèÒ (The Burma Socialist Programme Party-BSPP) â´ÂÍͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ à¤ÂãËéÊÑÁÀÒɳì¶Ö§¡ÒáÅѺÁÒ¾ÁèҢͧà¸ÍÇèÒ “µÍ¹·Õè´Ô©Ñ¹à´Ô¹·Ò§¡ÅѺÁÒ¾ÁèÒàÁ×èÍ ¾.È. 2531 à¾×èÍÁÒ¾ÂÒºÒŤسáÁè¹Ñé¹ ´Ô©Ñ¹ÇҧἹäÇéÇèÒ¨ÐÁÒÃÔàÃÔèÁ·Óâ¤Ã§¡ÒÃà¤Ã×Í¢èÒÂËéͧÊÁØ´ã¹¹ÒÁ¢Í§¤Ø³¾èÍ´éÇ àÃ×èͧ¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧäÁèä´éÍÂÙè㹤ÇÒÁʹ㨢ͧ´Ô©Ñ¹àÅ áµè»ÃЪҪ¹ã¹»ÃÐà·È¢Í§´Ô©Ñ¹¡ÓÅѧàÃÕ¡Ãéͧ»ÃЪҸԻäµÂ áÅÐã¹°Ò¹ÐÅÙ¡ÊÒǢͧ¾èÍ (¹Ò¾ÅÍͧ«Ò¹) ´Ô©Ñ¹ÃÙéÊÖ¡ÇèÒà»ç¹Ë¹éÒ·Õè·Õè´Ô©Ñ¹µéͧà¢éÒÃèÇÁ´éÇ”


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      Íͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ ä´éà¢éÒÃèÇÁ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧà»ç¹¤ÃÑé§áá àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 15 ÊÔ§ËÒ¤Á ¤.È. 1988 (¾.È. 2531) â´ÂÊ觨´ËÁÒÂà»Ô´¼¹Ö¡¶Ö§ÃÑ°ºÒÅàÃÕ¡ÃéͧãËéÁÕ¡ÒèѴµÑ駤³Ð¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃÍÔÊÃÐà¾×èÍàµÃÕÂÁ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑ駷ÑèÇä» Íͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ ¢Ö鹡ÅèÒÇ»ÃÒÈÃÑÂà»ç¹¤ÃÑé§ááàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 26 ÊÔ§ËÒ¤Á ¾.È. 2531 µèÍ˹éÒ½Ù§ª¹»ÃÐÁÒ³ 500,000 ¤¹·ÕèÁÒªØÁ¹ØÁ¡Ñ¹ ³ ÁËÒ਴ÕÂìªàǴҡͧ à¸ÍàÃÕ¡ÃéͧãËéÁÕÃÑ°ºÒÅ»ÃЪҸԻäµÂ áµè¼Ùé¹Ó·ËÒáÅѺ¨Ñ´µÑé§ "ÊÀÒ¿×鹿١®ÃÐàºÕºáËè§ÃÑ°" ËÃ×Í ÊÅÍÃì¤ (The State Law and Order Restoration Council : SLORC) ¢Öé¹á·¹ ÃÇÁ·Ñé§ä´é·Ó¡ÒûÃÒº»ÃÒÁÊѧËÒÃáÅШѺ¡ØÁ¼Ùéµè͵éÒ¹ÍÕ¡ËÅÒÂÃéͤ¹ áÅÐàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 24 ¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹ ¾.È. 2531 Íͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ ä´éÃèÇÁ¨Ñ´µÑé§ "¾ÃäÊѹ¹ÔºÒµáË觪ҵÔà¾×èÍ»ÃЪҸԻäµÂ" ËÃ×ÍàÍç¹áÍÅ´Õ (National League for Democracy: NLD) ¢Öé¹ÁÒ áÅÐä´éÃѺàÅ×Í¡ãËé´ÓçµÓá˹è§àÅ¢Ò¸Ô¡ÒþÃä ÍÂèÒ§äáç´Õ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 20 ¡Ã¡®Ò¤Á ¾.È. 2532 ÃÑ°ºÒÅ·ËÒþÁèÒãªéÍÓ¹Ò¨

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      áÁéÇèÒ Íͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ Âѧ¤§¶Ù¡¡Ñ¡ºÃÔàdzÍÂÙè áµèã¹Çѹ·Õè 27 ¾ÄÉÀÒ¤Á ¤.È. 1990 (¾.È. 2533) ¾ÃäàÍç¹áÍŴբͧà¸Í¡ÅѺä´éÃѺªÑª¹ÐÍÂèÒ§·èÇÁ·é¹ã¹¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑ駷ÑèÇä» ÃÑ°ºÒÅ༴稡Ò÷ËÒþÁèÒã¹¹ÒÁ¢Í§ SLORC »¯Ôàʸ·Õè¨Ð¶èÒÂâ͹ÍÓ¹Ò¨ãËéá¡è¼Ù骹СÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§ áµè¡ÅѺÂ×è¹¢éÍàʹÍãËéÍͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ ÂصԺ·ºÒ··Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ´éÇ¡ÒÃà´Ô¹·Ò§ÍÍ¡¹Í¡»ÃÐà·Èà¾×èÍä»ãªéªÕÇÔµ¡Ñº¤Ãͺ¤ÃÑÇ·Õè»ÃÐà·ÈÍѧ¡ÄÉ à¸Í»¯Ôàʸ¢éÍàʹʹѧ¡ÅèÒÇ ÃÑ°ºÒÅ·ËÒè֧ÁÕ¤ÓÊÑè§Â×´àÇÅÒ¡ÒáѡºÃÔàdz Íͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ ¨Ò¡ 3 »Õ à»ç¹ 5 »Õ áÅÐà¾ÔèÁà»ç¹ 6 »Õã¹àÇÅÒµèÍÁÒ

      µèÍÁÒàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 14 µØÅÒ¤Á ¤.È. 1991 (¾.È. 2534) ¤³Ð¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃÃÒ§ÇÑÅâ¹àºÅáË觻ÃÐà·È¹ÍÃìàÇÂì »ÃСÒÈãËéÍͧ«Ò¹ «Ù¨Õ à»ç¹¼Ùéä´éÃѺÃÒ§ÇÑÅâ¹àºÅÊÒ¢ÒÊѹµÔÀÒ¾ áµèà¸ÍäÁèÁÕâÍ¡ÒÊà´Ô¹·Ò§ä»ÃѺÃÒ§ÇÑÅ´éǵÑÇàͧ ã¹à´×͹¸Ñ¹ÇÒ¤Á»Õà´ÕÂǡѹ ÍàÅç¡«Ò¹à´ÍÃìáÅФÔÁ«Öè§à»ç¹ºØµÃ ä´éà´Ô¹·Ò§ä»ÃѺÃÒ§ÇÑÅá·¹ÁÒôҷÕè¡ÃاÍÍÊâÅ ÍàÅç¡«Ò¹à´ÍÃì ¡ÅèÒǡѺ¤³Ð¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃáÅмÙéÁÒÃèÇÁà»ç¹à¡ÕÂõÔã¹¾Ô¸ÕÇèÒ "¼ÁÃÙéÇèÒ¶éÒáÁèÁÕÍÔÊÃÀÒ¾áÅÐÍÂÙè·Õè¹Õèã¹Çѹ¹Õé áÁè¨Ð¢Íº¤Ø³¾Ç¡¤Ø³¾ÃéÍÁ¡Ñº¢ÍÃéͧãËé¾Ç¡¤Ø³ÃèÇÁ¡Ñ¹ÊÇ´Á¹µìãËé·Ñ駼Ùé¡´¢ÕèáÅмÙé¶Ù¡¡´¢Õèâ¹ÍÒÇظ·Ôé§ áÅÐËѹÁÒÃèÇÁ¡Ñ¹ÊÃéÒ§ªÒµÔ´éǤÇÒÁàÁµµÒ¡ÃسÒáÅШԵÇÔ­­Ò³áËè§ÊѹµÔ"

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